IMPORT is a keyword used in SAP ABAP programming.
This tutorial covers its introduction & syntax details.
IMPORT
IMPORT – Get data
Variants
1. IMPORT f itab FROM MEMORY.
2.
IMPORT f itab FROM DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.
3. IMPORT DIRECTORY INTO itab
FROM DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.
4. IMPORT f itab FROM DATASET dsn(ar) ID
key.
Variant 1
IMPORT f itab FROM
MEMORY.
Additions
1. … TO g (for each field f to be
imported)
2. … ID key
Effect
Imports data objects (fields or
tables) from the ABAP/4 memory (see EXPORT ). Reads in all data without an ID
that was exported to memory with “EXPORT … TO MEMORY.” . In contrast to the
variant IMPORT FROM DATABASE , it does not check that the structure matches in
EXPORT and IMPORT .
The return code value is set as
follows:
SY-SUBRC = 0 The data objects were successfully
imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The data objects could not be imported,
probably
because the ABAP/4 memory was empty.
The contents of all objects
remain unchanged.
Addition 1
… TO g (for each field f to be
imported)
Effect
Takes the field contents stored under f from the
global ABAP/4 memory and places them in the field g .
Addition 2
…
ID key
Effect
Imports only data stored in ABAP/4 memory under the ID
key .
The return code value is set as follows:
SY-SUBRC = 0
The data objects were successfully imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The data objects
could not be imported, probably
because an incorrect ID was used.
The
contents of all objects remain unchanged.
Variant 2
IMPORT f itab FROM
DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.
Additions
1. … TO g (for each
field f to be imported)
2. … MAJOR-ID maid (instead of ID key )
3. …
MINOR-ID miid (together with MAJOR-ID maid )
4. … CLIENT h (after dbtab(ar)
)
5. … USING form
Effect
Imports data objects (fields, field
strings or internal tables) with the ID key from the area ar of the database
dbtab (see also EXPORT )
The return code value is set as
follows:
SY-SUBRC = 0 The data objects were successfully
imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The data objects could not be imported,
probably
because an incorrect ID was used.
The contents of all objects
remain unchanged.
Example
Import two fields and an internal
table:
TABLES INDX.
DATA: INDXKEY LIKE INDX-SRTFD,
F1(4), F2
TYPE P,
BEGIN OF TAB3 OCCURS 10,
CONT(4),
END OF TAB3.
INDXKEY =
‘INDXKEY’.
IMPORT F1 F2 TAB3 FROM DATABASE INDX(ST) ID
INDXKEY.
Notes
The structure of fields, field strings and
internal tables to be imported must match the structure of the objects exported
to the dataset. In addition, the objects must be imported under the same name
used to export them. If this is not the case, either a runtime error occurs or
no import takes place.
Exception: You can lengthen or shorten the last field
if it is of type CHAR , or add/omit CHAR fields at the end of the
structure.
Addition 1
… TO g (for each field f to be
imported)
Effect
Takes the field contents stored under the name f from
the database and places them in g .
Addition 2
… MAJOR-ID maid
(instead of ID key )
Addition 3
… MINOR-ID miid (together with MAJOR-ID
maid )
Effect
Searches for a record with an ID that matches maid in
the first part (length of maid ) and – if MINOR-ID miid is also specified – is
greater than or equal to miid in the second part.
Addition 4
…
CLIENT h (after dbtab(ar) )
Effect
Takes the data from the client h
(only with client-specific import/export
databases).
Example
TABLES INDX.
DATA F1.
IMPORT F1 FROM
DATABASE INDX(AR) CLIENT ‘002’ ID ‘TEST’.
Addition 5
… USING
form
Effect
Does not read the data from the database. Instead,
calls the FORM routine form for each record read from the database without this
addition. This routine can take the data key of the data to be retrieved from
the database table work area and write the retrieved data to this work area
schreiben; it therefore has no parameters.
Note
Runtime
errors
Depending on the operands or the datsets to be imported, various
runtime errors may occur.
Variant 3
IMPORT DIRECTORY INTO itab FROM
DATABASE dbtab(ar) ID key.
Additions
1. … CLIENT h
(after dbtab(ar) )
Effect
Imports an object directory stored under the
specified ID with EXPORT into the table itab .
The return code value is
set as follows:
SY-SUBRC = 0 The directory was successfully
imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The directory could not be imported, probably because
an incorrect ID was used.
The internal table itab must have the same
structure as the Dictionary structure CDIR (INCLUDE STRUCTURE ).
Addition
1
… CLIENT h (after dbtab(ar) )
Effect
Takes data from the client
h (only with client-specific import/export
databases).
Example
Directory of a cluster consisting of two fields
and an internal table:
TABLES INDX.
DATA: INDXKEY LIKE
INDX-SRTFD,
F1(4), F2 TYPE P,
BEGIN OF TAB3 OCCURS 10,
CONT(4),
END
OF TAB3,
BEGIN OF DIRTAB OCCURS 10.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE CDIR.
DATA END OF
DIRTAB.
INDXKEY = ‘INDXKEY’.
EXPORT F1 F2 TAB3 TO
DATABASE INDX(ST)
ID INDXKEY. ” TAB3 has 17 entries
…
IMPORT DIRECTORY INTO DIRTAB FROM
DATABASE INDX(ST) ID INDXKEY.
Then, the table DIRTAB contains the
following:
NAME OTYPE FTYPE TFILL
FLENG
———————————–
F1 F C 0 4
F2 F P 0 8
TAB3
T C 17 4
The meaning of the individual fields is as follows:
NAME : Name
of stored object OTYPE : Object type ( F : Field, R : Field string / Dictionary
structure, T : Internal table) FTYPE : Field type ( C : Character, P : Packed,
…)
Field strings and internal tables have the type C. TFILL : Number of
internal table lines filled FLENG : Length of field in bytes
With internal
tables: Length of header line.
Variant 4
IMPORT f itab … FROM
DATASET dsn(ar) ID key.
Note
This variant is not to be used at
present.
IMPORT DYNPRO – Import a
screen
Basic form
IMPORT DYNPRO h f e m ID
id.
Effect
Imports the screen specified in the field id . Loads the
screen information into the structure h (screen header, structure D020S ) and
into the internal tables f (field list, structure D021S ), e (flow logic,
structure D022S ) and m (matchcode information, structure D023S ).
The
return code value is set as follows:
SY-SUBRC = 0 The screen was
successfully imported.
SY_SUBRC = 4 The screen does not exist.
Related
EXPORT DYNPRO ,
GENERATE DYNPRO ,
SYNTAX-CHECK FOR DYNPRO ,
DELETE
DYNPRO .